OK, maybe 10 minutes. When it comes to picking and placing surface-mount parts, a good pair of tweezers works pretty well. A good vacuum pick can be easier to use, but tweezers beat a poor vacuum pick. You can get a vacuum pick on the internet for anywhere from $40 on up to several hundred, but I’m going to show you how to make one for a fraction of that. In this post I’ll show you how to turn a $10 aquarium pump into a vacuum pump in 5 minutes. Tomorrow, I’ll show you how to make a nice, comfortable, controllable wand. Ready? Here goes:
I start with an “Aqua Culture” brand pump which currently sells for $10 at Walmart. This particular model has two outputs (the little white nipples visible in the photo). It’s really two diaphragm pumps in one housing. It’s just fine to start with a single-pump unit, and slightly less work:
As far as I know, all aquarium pumps are simple diaphragm pumps, and work the same way. All are probably put together pretty much the same way, too, so the following procedure should work (with a little adaptation) with just about any aquarium pump.
First, remove the screws which hold the plastic enclosure together. On this one, there are four of them, found in the corners of the bottom half of the enclosure:
Turn the pump over, and lift the top of the enclosure off. At one end, you’ll see something that looks a bit like a power transformer. At the other, you’ll see a plastic base (the one here is yellowish white). Attached to this are two metal arms, with a magnet on the end of each arm. There should be a screw holding the base to the bottom half of the enclosure. Remove the screw:
Lift out the plastic base, with the metal arms, magnets, black rubber diaphragms, etc. attached:
On this pump, there is a plastic trim piece over the two nipples. No jokes, please. Remove it:
Gently loosen and release the black rubber diaphragms from the blue plastic piece, and fold the metal arms back exposing the blue plastic pieces:
There is a screw in the center of the blue plastic piece. Remove it:
Then remove the blue piece, remembering how it was oriented:
This exposes a black rubber piece. Notice the small hole on the right, whith a small plastic protrusion poking through it, and the larger hole in the center:
Remove the black rubber piece:
Use a pointe instrument of some sort to make a small hole, about the size of the smaller of the two original holes, on the opposite side of the center hole and the same distance from the center as the original small hole:
Replace the balck rubber piece as it was, but turned 180 degrees from its original orientation so the new small hole fits over the small plastic protrusion:
Replace the blue plastic piece, oriented as it was before. Replace and tighten the screw:
Remove the other blue plastic piece, make the hole in the black rubber piece, replace it turned 180 degrees, replace the blue plastic piece, and tighten the screw. Then, swing the two arms back to their original position:
Gently fit the two rubber diaphragms back over the blue plastic pieces, as they were originally.
Replace the trim piece:
Put it all back into the bottom half of the enclosure:
Tighten the screw:
Replace the top half of the enclosure:
And replace and tighten the four remaining screws. You’ve just reversed an aquarium pump.



#1 by Cameron Watt at March 4th, 2010
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So simple! Low volume, sure, but perfect for this.
How much vacuum can it draw? 1-2 inches Hg?
#2 by admin at March 4th, 2010
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Beats me! All I know is, it’s enough.
#3 by Matthew Pace at March 4th, 2010
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Out of curiosity, what makes aquarium pumps not have a suction outlet? One would think that if water is supposed to come out one nipple at one rate, water should be sucked in the other at the same rate… And that end could be used.
I don’t doubt your method at all, I have no experience with this and assume there is a reason you had to modify it, I just don’t understand why?
#4 by Matthew Pace at March 4th, 2010
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Sorry, not the other one, I see you said they’re both outputs, but where’s the input?
#5 by az1324 at March 5th, 2010
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It’s an air pump not a water pump
#6 by Jas at March 5th, 2010
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Aquarium pumps don’t pump the water. They pump air so that the fishies have oxygen to breathe. By aerating the water mechanically, the ratio of tank surface area to amount of animal life supported is changed significantly. Normally they suck air from the room through a little hole and filter pad in the bottom of the pump.
#7 by PCB Manufacturer at March 12th, 2010
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Good post about Aquarium Pump to Vacuum Pump ,i really like this ,thanks for share with us ,i also find some info here Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA) .
#8 by JWB at July 23rd, 2010
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Tried on single outlet pump but not quite the same design and not as easy to modify. Anyone able to succeed with single outlet pump?